Amylose and
Cellulose are both unbranched polymers of glucose connected by (1→ 4) glycosidic bonds.
Amylose initial view shows that the glucose residues are connected by α(1→ 4) glycosidic bonds
(one marked with yellow halo).
This initial view is looking down the axis of a helix that
is formed as a result of angle that is form between residues when they are connected by an α(1→ 4) bond.
to give a side view of the helix, gives a view of the open center of the rings. The green ring is the first ring in the
polymer and is, therefore, the only one whose anomeric carbon has the potential to form an aldehyde group reducing end.
The yellow ring is
the last one in the chain, so between the yellow and green rings the first turn of the helix overlaps with the second
turn.
Cellulose initial view shows that the β(1→ 4) bond produces a native conformation of a linear chain,
in contrast to the helical conformation of the α linkage. The linear molecular chains with their numerous
oxygens and hydrogens which form hydrogen bonds are bundled together to form
cellulose fibers. In fact, much of the cellulose found in nature is described as microcrystalline because the
molecular chains within the bundles are highly ordered.
shows more detail of the structure. Every other glucopyranosyl residue is rotated 180° about the x axis, and the
oxygens of the angular glycosidic bonds alternate between pointing up (blue halo) and pointing down (yellow halo).