MolSlides.ProteinExplorer.Org

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Copyright © 2007 by Karl Oberholser,
Messiah College, Grantham PA USA.
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Common Structural Feature of Globular Proteins
Layers of backbone in the core of the structure is a feature that many, but not all, globular proteins have. The number of layers and their composition vary for different proteins, but in all case the hydrophobic forces between the layers play a major role in maintaining the tertiary structure.(1) Below are examples of two and three layers. The Other Examples link goes to other examples and one example which does not have these stablizing backbone layers.

Other Examples

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Two Layers
Cytochrome c^'

Rotate the structure so that you can clearly see the two layers formed by the backbones of the helices.

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Two Layers
Hydrophobic Side Chains

The two layers are shown in Brown and CyanDark. The hydrophobic side chains are shown in ball and stick. Notice that these side chains are mostly located between the layers and that few are on the exterior of the molecule. Rotating the structure will help you observe this phenomenon, particularly if you rotate to view from the 'top' or 'bottom' of the structure.

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Two Layers
Polar Side Chains

The two layers are again shown in different colors. In contrast to the previous slide the polar side chains tend to be on the surface of the molecule and not between the layers.

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Three Layers
Phosphoglycerate kinase (domain 2)

Rotate the structure so that you can clearly see the three layers of backbone.

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Three Layers
Hydrophobic residues

The three layers are colored Brown, CyanDark and Purple. The hydrophobic side chains are shown in ball and stick, and notice again nearly all of them are are located between the layers. With the CyanDark layer being the middle layer most of its side chains are nonpolar.

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Three Layers
Polar residues

The polar side chains are almost exclusively on the surface of the molecule, and therefore the middle CyanDark layer has very few polar side chains.

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References

1. Biochemistry, 3rd ed., R. H. Garrett & C. M. Grisham, Thomson/Brooks/Cole, page 178.

Other Examples

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