Radial Distribution Functions

When orbitals have radial nodes the electron spends part of its time very close to the nucleus. The orbital is said to be ________________________________.

ability to penetrate inner orbitals:

s p d f

The Many-electron Atom

Orbitals similar to H orbitals except:

1. orbitals for heavier elements contracted & lower in ________

2. orbitals with different l values differ in __________

ns np nd nf

(orbital diagram for H vs many-electron atoms)

Electron Configurations

1. Aufbau principle: ______________________________________________________________________.

1s < 2s < 2p < 3s < 3p < 4s , 3d < 4p < 5s , 4d < 5p < 6s , 5d , 4f < 6p

(periodic table)

2. Pauli exclusion principle: __________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________.

hence a maximum of _____ electrons/orbital

3. Hund's rule: ___________________________________________________________________________

(orbital diagrams)

(table of electron configurations)