Health Services
Self Care

Asthma

Description
Asthma is a disease of the respiratory tract. It is a reversible constriction of the airways to the lungs. Appropriately, the name originates from the Greek word for gasping. Approximately 2% of the population may be affected with asthma some time in their life.

Attacks of asthma may be triggered by allergies, exercise, pollution, and infections. Symptoms may begin in early childhood or later in adult life. Allergic asthma attacks are triggered by allergens such as inhaled pollens, dust, smoke, or certain drugs including aspirin or Ibuprofen (Advil or Nuprin), and related drugs. Occasionally, symptoms may appear in response to dyes or preservatives in food. Non-allergic attacks may be precipitated by respiratory tract infections, stress or exercising in cold or dry environments.

Symptoms
Asthma attacks are characterized by wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. It may be associated with a dry or sputum-producing cough. The symptoms of asthma may be mild and occur only on rare occasion or may become frequent with varying degrees of intensity. Some people have more attacks in the early morning or evening. Exercise-induced asthma may occur during and after exercise and not at other times.

Treatment
The symptoms of asthma can be controlled and/or prevented by the use of various medications. Both oral and inhaled medications can be used at the time of an asthma attack or on a regular basis. These medications dilate and relax the airways, allowing air to flow unimpeded through the lungs. Proper dosage and use of medications is key to treatment. Speak with your clinician if you have any questions about using inhalers or tablets.

Allergy-induced asthma may be relieved through a series of injections to identify and desensitize the individual to the allergens. If possible, allergens should be avoided. Examples include specific drugs, dyes, and preservatives. Dust or feathers in work or living environments may need to be modified as well.

Asthma may be a fleeting or a life long condition and although there is no cure, most people respond well to treatment and live life relatively free of symptoms. Self-monitoring of symptoms and proper use of medication is important to your care.

More Information/Questions
Messiah College students may call Student Health Service at (717) 691-6035 for more information relating to the symptoms and treatment of asthma