Health Services
Self Care

Back Pain

Description
Low back pain is a generalized complaint which encompasses at least 30 different conditions. It usually involves the lowest 2 lumbar vertebrae. It is estimated that over 75% of the population in industrialized societies will experience low back pain. Low back pain may be associated with family history, disease, muscle strain or poor posture. In young people, most low back pain is due to muscle strain and/or poor posture. In older individuals, low back pain may be a result of the degeneration of the shock absorbing discs separating the vertebrae of the spine. Occasionally, stress may be associated with spasms in the muscles of the back.

Symptoms for low back pain typically appear between the ages of 20 and 30. By age 45, many people will have had their first episode of low back pain. It is characterized by a decrease in the range of motion and muscle or joint soreness. The pain may radiate to the legs. Repeat episodes generally are more severe than the initial attack.

Treatment
The acute stage of low back pain is characterized by muscle spasm. During this period, rest (often in bed) is recommended. Numbness, tingling, or loss of strength in the legs may signify more serious back conditions and should be evaluated by a health care practitioner.

Rehabilitation may consist of heat, ultra-sound and/or hydrotherapy. Once the pain has subsided, exercises to increase the back's range of motion and strength are often recommended to facilitate good posture.

One or two medications may be prescribed. These might be analgesics (pain killers), non-steroid anti-inflammatory medications and occasionally, muscle relaxants or sedatives

Prevention
Since a majority of low back pain problems result from poor posture or improper lifting techniques, avoid putting undue stress on the lower back by learning and practicing good techniques. When walking or sitting, try to keep the trunk erect. Avoid chairs without arms or back support. When lifting heavy objects, bend at the knees instead of the waist and let the legs perform the work.

When standing for long periods of time, place one foot on a small stool or step. Abdominal strengthening exercises such as curl-ups can also reduce the strain on the lower back.

More Information/Questions
Messiah College students may call Student Health Service at (717) 691-6035 for more information relating to the symptoms and treatment of asthma.