Health Services
Self Care

Condoms

Description
Condoms have been in existence since 1300 B.C. Also called "rubbers" or "skins," these devises fit over the erect penis and act as a barrier to the transmission of sperm. Use of a condom is an effective way to prevent pregnancy and many sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including HIV infection. Both latex (a synthetic rubber) and natural skin (lambskin) condoms are excellent at preventing pregnancy, but latex condoms have been shown to be superior for preventing the transmission of organisms that can cause HIV and other STDs.

Instructions
Condoms should be stored at room temperature. Extreme heat or cold can weaken the material. Condoms should not be carried in a wallet for more than two weeks because body heat can have this effect.

The condom should be rolled onto the erect penis prior to intimate sexual activity. About one-half inch of empty space should be left at the tip to collect the semen. Contraceptive jelly or foam that contains nonoxynol-9, a chemical that can kill sperm and STD organisms, can provide added protection. DO NOT use Vaseline, baby oil, or other petroleum products as they can cause condoms to deteriorate.

After sexual activity, hold the condom at its base as the penis is withdrawn, taking care not to spill any semen. The penis should be withdrawn soon after ejaculation since the condom can easily slip off when the erection is lost.

Contraceptive jelly or foam should be inserted into the vagina immediately if the condom breaks, tears, or comes off. Condoms should not be reused.

Advantages
Condoms are relatively inexpensive and can be purchased at any drug store or Family Planning Clinic.

Use of condoms allows men to participate actively in birth control responsibilities. It also helps to reduce the transmission of STDs, including HIV infection.

Disdvantages
Some people may have an allergic reaction to condoms. Try switching to other brands or consult your clinician. Some men do not like to use condoms since sensitivity may be reduced, but this can be remedied by placing a small dab of water-based lubricant like KY-Jelly into the tip of the condom before it is put on. Some couples object to the interruption of foreplay to put on a condom, but a little creativity can go a long way in this area.

Effectiveness
Condoms are 88-97% effective at preventing pregnancy. When used consistently and correctly with each act of intercourse, condoms are more likely to reach the highest range of effectiveness. If used in conjunction with contraceptive foam, this method is as effective as the birth control pill at preventing pregnancy. The only 100% effective method for preventing pregnancy is sexual abstinence.

More Information/Questions
Messiah College students may call Student Health Service at (717) 691-6035 for more information.